Category Archives: ENT

Nasal Polyps: Antrochoanal polyp vs Ethmoidal Polyp.

Posted by admin on March 22, 2011 No comments

Antrochoanal Polyp Due to infections Solitary, more common in children Usually unilateral Trilobed, has antral and choanal parts Arises from Maxillary sinus near ostium Grows backwards to the choana and may hang down from behind soft palate. Not precancerous Not …

Membranes and Ligaments of Larynx

Posted by admin on October 29, 2010 No comments

Ligaments and membranes of Larynx are divided into extrinsic and intrinsic Membranes of Larynx Extrinsic-Thyrohyoid membrane Intrinsic-Quadrangular membrane,Cricothyroid membrane,conus elasticus Ligaments of larynx Extrinsic Median thyrohyoid ligament Lateral thyrohyoid ligament Hyoepiglottic ligament Cricotracheal ligament Intrinsic Anterior/median cricothyroid ligament Thyroepiglottic ligament. …

Tympanogram

Posted by admin on October 15, 2010 No comments

Type A- Normal tympanogram Type As- Compliance lower, seen in fixation of ossicles eg:Otosclerosis,malleus fixation Type Ad- High compliance,Seen in ossicular discontinuity and lax tympanic membrane Type B- Flat dome shaped graph.No change in compliance.Seen in middle ear fluid/thick tympanic …

Trotters triad

Posted by admin on October 14, 2010 No comments

Conductive deafness(Eustachian tube blockade) Ipsilateral temperoparietal neuralgia(Vth N) Palatal palsy(Xth N)

Nasal cavity and openings

Posted by admin on October 13, 2010 No comments

Superior and middle concha/turbinate- Part of ethmoid bone Inferior Concha is a seperate bone. Openings in meatus Superior meatus- Posterior ethmoid sinus Middle meatus- Frontal sinus,Anterior and middle Ethmoid sinus,Hiatus semilunaris recieves maxillary sinus Inferior meatus- Nasolacrimal Duct(INDia) Spheno ethmoidal …

Levels of Lymphnodes on neck

Posted by admin on October 11, 2010 No comments

Level I- Submandibular and sublingual triangle Level II- Laterally from skull base upto hyoid bone(bifurcation of common carotid) Level III-Bifurcation of CC to cricoid cartilage(Omohyoid tendon) Level IV- Omohyoid tendon to clavicle Level V- Posterior triangle of neck Level VI-Anterior …

Thyroglossal cyst,Branchial cyst and cystic Hygroma

Posted by admin on October 11, 2010 No comments

Thyroglossal cyst 90% Thyroglossal cysts lie in the midline Commonest site for thyroglossal cyst-Subhyoid. Atypical thyroglossal cysts are usually found on left side. Thyroglossal cyst is the commonest congenital neck swelling. Commonest cause of recurrence is the failure to remove …

Larynx

Posted by admin on September 23, 2010 No comments

Only abductor of larynx-Posterior crico arytenoid Hoarseness of voice- Arch of aorta aneurism compressing recurrent laryngeal nerve. Piriform recess supplied by Internal laryngeal nerve which is a pure sensory nerve.

Gradenego’s Syndrome

Posted by admin on September 21, 2010 No comments

Gradenigo’s Syndrome is characterised by the triad of: 1.Otitis media 2.Unilateral(retro orbital)pain in regions innervated by first and seconds branches of Trigeminal nerve. 3.Ipsilateral Abducens nerve paralysis Gradenigo’s syndrome is due to Osteitis of petrous apex due to otitis media. …

Meniere’s disease

Posted by admin on September 18, 2010 No comments

Meniere’s disease-endolymphatic hydrops Tetrad of symptoms episodic vertigo Fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss sensation of aural fullness Tinnitus Hennbert’s sign and tulio phenomenon present

Thyroplasty types

Posted by admin on September 18, 2010 No comments

Image via Wikipedia Type I-Medialisation of the vocal cord(Mnemo:Thyroid is medial) Type II-Lateralization of cord Type III-Shortening or relaxation Type IV-Elongation/tensioning To elevate pitch-Lengthen the vocal cord/tensioning To lower the pitch-Shorten the cord.

Bones forming the nasal septum

Posted by admin on September 16, 2010 No comments

Image via Wikipedia Cartilage and bone, together make up the nasal septum. Bony part of nasal septum is formed of: 1.Nasal crest of- Nasal bone,Palatine bone,Maxilla 2.Nasal spine of-Frontal Bone 3.Rostrum and crest of-Sphenoid 4.Perpendicular plate of-Ethmoid 5.Vomer

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